Status- Socially defined positions that people occupy like parent, sister, nurse, teacher, president, etc.
Master status- the main social position that is the identifying characteristic of an individual
Master status- the main social position that is the identifying characteristic of an individual
What are the Five Institutions of Sociology?
- Social institutions are established or standardized patterns of rule-governed behavior
1. The Family:
A socially defined set of relationships between at least two people related by birth, marriage, adoption, or, in some definitions, long-standing ties of intimacy. 2. Education:
A formal process in which knowledge, skills, and values are systematically transmitted from one individual or group to another. 3. Religion: A unified system of beliefs and practices pertaining to the supernatural and to norms about the right way to live that is shared by a group of believers. Sociologists treat religion as a social rather than supernatural phenomenon. 4. Economic Institutions:
Sociologists understand the economy as the set of arrangements by which a society produces, distributes, and consumes goods, services, and other resources. 5. Political Institutions:
Institutions that pertain to the governance of a society, its formal distribution of authority, its use of force, and its relationships to other societies and political units. The state, an important political institution in modern societies, is the apparatus of governance over a particular territory. |
What types of social interactions happen in those institutions?
Exchange- whenever people interact in an effort to receive a reward or a return for their actions
Competition- when two or more people or groups oppose each other to achieve a goal that only one can attain
Conflict- the deliberate attempt to control a person by force, to oppose someone or to harm another person
Cooperation- when two or more people or groups work together to achieve a goal that will benefit more than one person
Accommodation- a state of balance between cooperation and conflict